Distro_Builder/NOTES/Chroot_Distro_Build.txt

############################
####    SETUP & INFO    ####
############################

## WEBSITES
    Window Managers :
        http://xwinman.org/
    Source List Generator :
        https://repogen.simplylinux.ch/index.php
    Themes :
        http://gnome-look.org/
    Debootstrap Versions:
        http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=debootstrap&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all
    Ubuntu-Mini-Remix :
        http://www.ubuntu-mini-remix.org/
    SYSLINUX  (Booting Live systems or install state)
        http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=HowTos#New_users   (THIS COVERS BOOT METHODS FOR USB, CD, EFI, ETC)
        http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=ISOLINUX    (THIS CREATES THE BOOT STRUCTURE FOR THE ISO!!!)
    SYSLINUX Archive  (Needed for isolinux.bin && ldlinux.c32 to follow instructions in above link!!)
        https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/boot/syslinux/
    NON SYSLINUX ARCHIVE METHOD    (Try and get files from here)
        /usr/lib/syslinux/

    Good Reference :
        http://willhaley.com/blog/create-a-custom-debian-stretch-live-environment-ubuntu-17-zesty/
    Other :
        https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases
        http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
        http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/d/debootstrap/

---   SIDE NOTE   ---
Ubuntu Mini Remix contains:
- ubuntu-minimal (this is a metapackage, details at https://packages.ubuntu.com/cgi-bin/search_packages.pl?keywords=ubuntu-minimal&searchon=names&subword=1&version=all&release=all)
- ubuntu-standard (this is a metapackage, details at https://packages.ubuntu.com/cgi-bin/search_packages.pl?keywords=ubuntu-standard&searchon=names&subword=1&version=all&release=all)
- casper
- lupin-casper

##  SETUP DIR STRUCTURE
*** buildDir is where you are maintaining the squashfs and iso bits

mkdir -p buildDir/iso/{casper,isolinux,install}
                       ## holds where squshfs goes after modding.
                       ## HAS ALL UNCOMPRESSED ISO BITS EXCLUDING SQUASHFS
                       ## OR CONTAINS DEBOOTSTRAP GENERATED DIR STRUCTURE
mkdir buildDir/squashfs-root/
                       ## this is where we can extract a squashfs
                       ## from an iso OR generate our own from debootstrap.
                       ** EXTRACTING A SQUASHFS CREATES THIS
                       ** ONLY DO WHEN DEBOOTSTRAPING

## PACKAGES NEEDED PRIOR TO DOING ANYTHING
sudo apt-get install xnest xserver-xephyr syslinux squashfs-tools genisoimage debootstrap
                       ## debootstrap needs to be the version you're building
                       ## ie, building vivid then need vivid's debootstrap
                       ## link above has versions to dl

## FOR GUI CHROOT LIKE ENVIRONMENT
****  In a seperate terminal from build terminal
Xnest -ac :10 -geometry 1920x1080  ## Monitor resolution
OR
Xephyr -resizeable -screen 1920x1080 :10

############################
####    BUILD METHODS   ####
############################

## BUILDING FROM AN Ubuntu-Mini-Remix
      -- DL Ubuntu-Mini-Remix [link above] and mount it
      -- copy out its contents to the iso/ dir
         GET THE HIDDEN .disk/ dir! ISO WILL FAIL OTHERWISE!!
      -- from that, copy the iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs to the same dir
         as iso/ dir
      -- unsquashfs filesystem.squashfs


## BUILDING FROM AN DEBOOTSTRAP
## same location as iso/
      sudo debootstrap --variant=buildd <code name such as vivid> <chroot path> http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
                                              OR
      sudo debootstrap --arch=amd64 vivid squashfs-root/   ## For 32bit use --arch=i386


############################
####    BUILD PROCESS   ####
############################

cd squashfs-root/
sudo mount -t proc proc proc/
sudo mount -t sysfs sys sys/
sudo mount -o bind /dev dev/
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/
sudo cp /etc/hosts etc/hosts   ## do this one if in debootstrap

sudo chroot . bash
export HOME=/root
export LC_ALL=C
export DISPLAY=:10

## GET sourcelist from source list generator [link above]
nano it to /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get upgrade

## INSTALL AND MOD STUFF
apt-get update
apt-get install --yes dbus
apt-get install -y ubuntu-standard casper lupin-casper
apt-get install -y laptop-detect os-prober
apt-get install -y linux-generic

## tasksel lets you ionstall various setups
apt-get install -y xserver-xorg xorg xinit ubiquity-frontend-gtk tasksel synaptic aptitude apt-xapian-index

## just a ref
apt-get install mate-core sddm

## change live cd user
nano etc/casper.conf


############################
####    CLEAN PROCESS   ####
############################

##Clean the older non-used kernels to save space:
      dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge

## CLEAN SYSTEM
      apt-get autoremove --purge
      apt-get autoclean
      rm -rf tmp/*
      rm /etc/resolv.conf
      rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
      rm /sbin/initctl
      dpkg-divert --rename --remove /sbin/initctl

## in chroot or outer
      umount -lf dev/
      umount -lf proc/
      umount -lf sys/
      exit

EDIT to change names of Ubuntu
iso/isolinux/txt.cfg


################################
####    Recreate manifest   ####
################################

      sudo chroot squashfs-root/ dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Package} ${Version}\n' | sudo tee iso/casper/filesystem.manifest
      sudo cp -v iso/casper/filesystem.manifest iso/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop

PUT IN SCRIPT >>>

      REMOVE='ubiquity ubiquity-frontend-gtk ubiquity-frontend-kde casper lupin-casper live-initramfs user-setup discover1 xresprobe os-prober libdebian-installer4'
      for i in $REMOVE
      do
              sudo sed -i "/${i}/d" iso/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop
      done

############################
####    MAKE SQUASHFS   ####
############################

If this Customised Remix is to potentially be installed on some systems then
the /boot folder will be needed. To allow the Customised Cd to be an
installer Cd, compress the entire chroot folder with this command:

                          ##  avg compression
      sudo mksquashfs squashfs-root/ iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs

                          ##  best compression
      sudo mksquashfs squashfs-root/ iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs -comp xz -e squashfs-root/boot


Then write the filesystem.size file, which is needed by the installer:

      sudo chmod 644 iso/casper/filesystem.size
      printf $(sudo du -sx --block-size=1 squashfs-root/ | cut -f1) > iso/casper/filesystem.size
      sudo chmod 444 iso/casper/filesystem.size

############################
####    Calculate MD5   ####
############################

This calculates the md5sum of everything in the image folder,
except the file named md5sum.txt.

      sudo -s
      (cd iso && find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum | grep -v "\./md5sum.txt" > SHA256SUMS)
      exit

###############################
####    Create ISO Image   ####
###############################

Create iso from the image directory using the command-line

      cd iso/

OPTION 1::
## Works for me....
sudo mkisofs -D -r -cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ../Sol-OSv3.iso .

OR

sudo mkisofs  -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ../Sol-OSv3.iso ./

OPTION 2::
## Hasn't worked for me....
sudo mkisofs -r -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -o ../ubu-mini.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat ./